SharePlane · SMUD Solar + Powerwall ROI
Sacramento residential energy stack analysis · self-contained model · no utility identifier included

SMUD solar, storage, and Powerwall decision model.

A single-page, interactive view of the proposed Powerwall 3 + Expansion, added 3.08 kW solar array, SMUD incentives, current bill profile, and realistic ROI range. Because apparently electricity bills needed a cockpit, a tax footnote, and a tiny warning siren.

Base-case read

Assuming the $13,415 net investment holds, the $880/year VPP credit is paid, and added solar produces about 3,900 kWh/year, the deal pencils out mainly because the battery incentive is strong and your house still imports a lot of energy.

8.9 yrs

Default interactive model, before assigning value to outage backup. Adjust assumptions below.

$13,415 net to recoup$880/year VPP credit3,800-4,000 kWh/year new solar27 kWh storage
Gross project economic value$34,415
SMUD enrollment incentive−$10,000
Tesla rebate−$1,000
Installer lease/tax-structure subsidy−$10,000
Long-term investment to recoup$13,415

The $10k installer subsidy is modeled as embedded in the net deal economics. It is not treated as a separately enforceable rebate because the lease/tax structure is intentionally sensitive. Human accounting, a haunted forest with decimals.

Project snapshot

What is being added, what is already on the roof, and what still needs confirmation before the handshake turns into paperwork.

Added PV array3.080 kW DC7 × Silfab 440W, 2.836 kW CEC AC
New storage27 kWhPowerwall 3 + Powerwall 3 DC Expansion
Existing Sunrun solar4,748 kWhActual generation over uploaded year
Verified VPP value$880/yr2-battery recurring credit, before tax

Confirmed economics

Powerwall 3 + Expansion qualifies for $880/year VPP.
SMUD lists Powerwall 3 with DC Expansion in the 2026 recurring incentive table.
Net long-term investment is modeled at $13,415.
This is the amount the household must economically recover over time.

Design facts

New panels are not optimally south-facing.
Plan orientation is split at 291° and 111° azimuth with 30° tilt, so the 3,800-4,000 kWh estimate is treated as realistic, not guaranteed.
Panel work is a distribution change, not new service capacity.
Vendor clarification says the new load center/subpanel relocates circuits and does not increase the existing 200A utility service limit.

Battery role

Backup + VPP + peak support.
Pure rate arbitrage is not the main value driver because your annual peak kWh is limited. The VPP credit is the anchor.
SMUD can control events.
SMUD says it leaves a 20% reserve and can dispatch during grid events.

Electrical capacity gate

The economics remain favorable. The remaining gate is electrical design validation: the vendor preliminary load model shows 171.87A on the existing 200A service, but that model used a 3-ton AC assumption and other preliminary inputs. Final drawings still need actual equipment nameplate data, final feeder/breaker sizing, and electrician/AHJ acceptance.

What the installer has represented

New load center work is for circuit relocation.
Vendor clarification says the new load center/subpanel does not increase total service capacity. The house remains planned against the existing 200A service unless load management or a service upgrade is pursued.
Solar and batteries do not add household load.
PV and storage are power sources, not additional appliance demand. The open issue is not whether they add load; it is whether the permit package correctly validates existing and planned loads.
Preliminary load materials need reconciliation.
The vendor baseline is useful because it exposes the 171.87A preliminary result and roughly 28.1A headroom, but it does not replace a final calculation using actual HVAC, water-heating, dryer, and EV assumptions.

What still needs to be true

Actual HVAC and water-heater dataThe final load calculation should explicitly account for the actual 5-ton heat pump nameplate data and electric water heating if present, rather than carrying forward the preliminary 3-ton / 5,400W AC assumption.
Final amperage and hardware sizingThe permitted package should state the final calculated amperage, final load-center rating, feeder breaker, feeder sizing, and whether load management is part of the design.
EV charging pathThe vendor preliminary model already included an 11,500W EV placeholder. Final design still needs to say whether the 40A Honda case fits and whether future 60A-80A charging requires load management or a service upgrade.
Decision posture: the deal can still be financially attractive, but treat final electrical validation as the open gate before relying on future-load assumptions. The new subpanel helps distribution and future flexibility; it is not a utility service upgrade.

Electrical load planning companion

An owner-side planning model comparing the vendor preliminary load schedule, corrected actual-load assumptions, and future EV charging options against the existing 200A service limit.

Planning read

The economics remain favorable. The remaining electrical question is planning clarity: solar and batteries do not add household load, and a new load center/subpanel improves physical circuit organization without increasing the existing 200A utility service capacity.

Owner-side model only.
This is not a stamped electrical design, code determination, NEC/CEC compliance engine, or AHJ-approved service calculation.

Vendor clarification note

The vendor clarified that the new load center is intended to relocate circuits and does not increase total service capacity. Future additional Level 2 charging may require load management or a service upgrade.

Vendor baseline values below are numeric values transcribed from a vendor-provided preliminary load schedule. The private plan document is not published.

AssumptionVendor preliminaryCorrected actualFuture EV planning

Adjust planning assumptions

Actual HVAC and water heater nameplate data should replace planning defaults. Plug loads and home lab loads may not be handled the same way in formal code calculations, but they matter for owner-side operational headroom.

Tight margin
Estimated demand watts0 W
Estimated demand amps at 240V0 A
Delta from vendor 171A0 A
Headroom against 200A0 A
Vendor displayed171 A
Vendor mathematical result171.87 A

Questions for electrical designer

  1. What is the final calculated amperage after replacing the preliminary 3-ton / 5,400W AC assumption with the actual 5-ton heat pump nameplate data?
  2. Is auxiliary/emergency heat included, if present?
  3. Is electric water heating included if required?
  4. How is EV charging treated in the final load calculation, including the vendor preliminary 11,500W placeholder?
  5. Does the current scope support a future 40A Honda charger without reworking the new load-center work?
  6. Would future 60A-80A EV charging require load management or service upgrade?
  7. Are the final load center rating, feeder breaker, feeder sizing, and any load-management equipment reflected in the permitted drawings?
Planning note: This calculator is an owner-side planning model based on the vendor preliminary load schedule and owner-supplied equipment assumptions. It is not a stamped electrical design, code determination, or AHJ-approved service calculation. Final values must be validated by the electrical designer using actual equipment nameplate data and applicable code requirements.

Your last 12 SMUD bills

Billing period analyzed: June 10, 2025 through June 9, 2026. This is the macro-level reality check. Your house is a high-load site with useful room for more solar because current exports are small relative to total consumption.

Total household use21,189 kWhGross load before solar offsets
Imported from SMUD17,261 kWhStill grid-dependent even with current solar
Sent to SMUD820 kWhOnly 17.3% of current solar output
Annual SMUD charges$2,962Actual electric service charges paid

Annual energy flow

Existing solar supplied about 22.4% of gross household usage. Most of that solar was self-consumed, which is good. The new array should mostly offset imports, not merely flood SMUD with cheap export energy.

Monthly bill and usage trend

Bars = bill dollars. Line = gross household kWh. Summer plus EV plus HVAC is where civilization starts invoicing you for comfort.

Time-of-use exposure

The battery can help shift energy away from expensive periods, but your current peak exposure is not massive. The big guaranteed value remains the VPP payment.

Annual SMUD imports by TOD bucket

Interpretation

Peak imports
1,539 kWh
Non-peak imports
15,722 kWh

Only 8.9% of annual imported kWh landed in the 5-8 p.m. peak window. Weighted peak rate is about 26.1¢/kWh; weighted non-peak import rate is about 14.5¢/kWh. Even if every current peak kWh were shifted, the theoretical annual rate-arbitrage ceiling is only about $179/year.

That is why this model uses a modest battery optimization value, not fairy dust.

Summer off-peak15.50¢Midnight-noon, weekends/holidays
Summer mid-peak21.39¢Noon-5 p.m. and 8 p.m.-midnight
Summer peak37.65¢Weekdays 5-8 p.m.
Non-summer off-peak12.85¢Midnight-5 p.m. and 8 p.m.-midnight
Non-summer peak17.76¢Weekdays 5-8 p.m.
SSR export value9.60¢Credit for excess exported solar

Actual time-of-use ledger

This restores the nerdy part that actually matters: annual imported kWh by SMUD rate bucket, current rate, share of imports, and modeled charge exposure. This is why the battery is valuable, but not because of giant arbitrage.

TOU bucketAnnual imported kWhShare of grid importsRate usedModeled energy costInterpretation
Summer off-peak3,58020.7%15.50¢/kWh$555Large summer baseline bucket. More solar can offset this, but value is moderate.
Summer mid-peak1,85410.7%21.39¢/kWh$397Useful solar/battery target, especially afternoon and early evening shoulder load.
Summer peak6433.7%37.65¢/kWh$242Most expensive bucket, but not enough volume to carry the ROI alone.
Non-summer off-peak10,28859.6%12.85¢/kWh$1,322Dominant import bucket. New solar offsets some of this at a lower avoided value.
Non-summer peak8965.2%17.76¢/kWh$159Peak but comparatively mild. Battery helps, just not dramatically.
Total imports17,261100%Weighted avg 15.5¢/kWh$2,675Energy-only exposure before fixed charges, taxes, credits, and bill structure.
Peak import total1,539 kWh8.9% of annual imports
Peak-shift ceiling~$179/yrTheoretical spread value, not a guaranteed saving
Primary battery value$880/yrVPP payment remains the anchor

Interactive ROI calculator

Adjust the assumptions that actually matter. The defaults are deliberately conservative-ish: 3,900 kWh/year new solar, 90% self-use, 15.5¢ avoided import rate, $100/year incremental battery optimization, and a $47/year SSR export-value drag.

Year-1 benefit$0
Simple payback0 yrs
20-year NPV$0

Monthly source table

The boring table that keeps the pretty dashboard from becoming interpretive dance.

BillPeriodBill $Gross useFrom SMUDSolar genSent to SMUDNet billedEV credit kWh

Known unknowns and decision gates

These are not reasons to kill the deal. They are the last few places where sloppy language can turn a good project into future annoyance with a permit number.

Property encumbranceGet a clear answer on whether there is any lien, UCC filing, fixture filing, deed restriction, or other recorded encumbrance against the house/property.
Load-center document controlVendor clarification says the new load center/subpanel relocates circuits and does not increase service capacity. Final drawings should show the actual equipment rating, feeder/breaker sizing, and 200A service constraint without implying a utility upgrade.
Lease/title transferThe post-5-year ownership transfer may not be fully documented because the tax/lease structure depends on third-party ownership. Treat any unwritten transfer promise as operational expectation, not guaranteed asset title.
VPP incentive durabilityThe 2026 payment is strong, but SMUD terms say recurring incentives may be adjusted annually and the program can change.
SSR transitionAdding battery storage with SMUD incentives can move solar customers to the Solar and Storage Rate. In your case the export-value loss looks modest because annual exports are low.
Tax treatmentSMUD says recurring incentives are taxable and reportable if over $600. Use the calculator tax haircut if you want after-tax payback.

Sources and calculation notes

Self-contained file, but not self-deluding. The public page publishes aggregate bill math, public SMUD references, and redacted numeric planning assumptions only.

Public-safe source handling

  • Bill analysis is published only as aggregate monthly and annual values; raw bills and account material are not published.
  • Project assumptions are published only as redacted numeric equipment and load-planning values; private plan documents and screenshots are not published.
  • The vendor preliminary load baseline is numeric-only and remains owner-side planning context, not a stamped service calculation.
Model principle: VPP income is treated as the anchor. Added solar savings are modeled conservatively. Battery optimization is deliberately modest because your current annual peak imports are limited.